Most of the world’s oil reservoirs now produce a mixture of oil and water. The liquids are subjected to shear forces through pumps […]
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Crude Oil Treatment Electrostatic & Mechanical Treaters Introduction After primary oil/water separation, there is often a small amount of unwanted salts in residual water […]
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American Petroleum Institute API classifies crude oil into different types as follows: 1. Light Crude Oil : its API is greater than 31.1° […]
Continue readingHow Bubble Cap Tray Works
Distillation towers are the heart of a process plant, and the working component of a distillation column is the tray. A tray consists […]
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what are the types of vessels? Horizontal Tanks (HT) Horizontal vessels are commonly used as settling drums, surge tanks, reactors and distillate drums. A settling […]
Continue readingLNG Liquefaction and Purification Processes
Introduction to LNG Processes The refrigeration and liquefaction sections of any LNG project are very costly items of equipment. A number of cycles have been […]
Continue readingwhat Heavy Oil, tar and bitumen mean
Heavy oil is a type of petroleum that is different from conventional petroleum insofar as they are much more difficult to […]
Continue readingwhat does Combustion mean
Principles of Combustion Effective fire prevention requires a thorough understanding of: 1) conditions under which flammable and combustible materials vaporize; 2) what is […]
Continue readingWater-Base Muds
Drilling Muds A water-base drilling fluid is one that has water as its continuous or liquid phase. The types of drilling fluids are […]
Continue readingFlare Types and Components
Introduction Flaring is a volatile organic compound (VOC) combustion control process in which the VOCs are piped to a remote, usually elevated, location and […]
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Introduction The design of storage tanks for crude oil and petroleum products requires, in general, careful consideration of the following important factors: _ The […]
Continue readingOil Well Casing
Types of Casing Based on the primary function of the casing string, there are five types of casing to be distinguished. Stove or […]
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